Personal injury mediation involves neutral mediators facilitating settlement negotiations through shuttle diplomacy between separate party rooms. Opening sessions allow parties presenting positions before private caucuses begin. Mediators carry offers, identify interests, and reality-test positions. Confidentiality protects mediation discussions from trial use. Successful mediations produce binding agreements. Failed mediations clarify issues for trial. Timing affects success with discovery completion helpful. Insurance representatives need settlement authority. Emotional venting sessions may help plaintiffs feel heard. Creative solutions include structured settlements or apology letters. Preparation includes settlement ranges and supporting documentation. Voluntary participation encourages candid discussions. Cost-sharing makes mediation economical.