What is quadriplegia from spinal injury?

Quadriplegia (tetraplegia) results from cervical spinal cord injuries affecting all four limbs plus trunk and organ systems. C1-C4 injuries affect breathing requiring mechanical ventilation and 24/7 skilled care. C5 injuries preserve some shoulder and bicep function allowing limited arm movement. C6-C7 injuries maintain more arm function enabling modified independence with adaptive equipment. C8-T1 injuries preserve hand function dramatically improving independence potential. Complete injuries eliminate all function below level while incomplete offers variable preservation. Complications multiply including respiratory infections, cardiovascular instability, temperature regulation, and skin breakdown. Care needs range from total dependence to modified independence based on level and completeness. Technology assists through environmental controls, voice activation, and mobility devices. Vocational possibilities exist through computer work and professional careers with accommodations. Life expectancy reduces significantly with higher injuries despite medical advances. Family impacts strain relationships with role reversals and care burdens. Home modifications create institutional environments affecting quality of life. Psychological challenges include depression rates exceeding 30% requiring ongoing support. Sexual function changes affect intimacy and reproduction possibilities. Understanding quadriplegia’s profound impacts justifies maximum compensation for these devastating injuries.

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