1. Scope and Purpose

Each of these legal fields serves a distinct function, focusing on financial restructuring, debt relief, child protection, and military discipline.

Chapter 11 Bankruptcy

Chapter 11 bankruptcy is a business reorganization process that allows companies (and in some cases, individuals) to restructure debt while continuing operations.

• Primarily used by businesses to reorganize debts and remain operational.
• Allows debtor-in-possession (DIP), meaning the debtor retains control of business operations during restructuring.
• Requires a repayment plan that must be approved by creditors and the court.
• Used by large corporations, small businesses, and high-net-worth individuals.

Chapter 13 Bankruptcy

Chapter 13 bankruptcy, also known as a wage earner’s plan, allows individuals with regular income to repay their debts over 3 to 5 years while keeping their assets.

• Designed for individuals, not businesses.
• Allows debtors to retain property while making structured payments.
• Debt limits apply, meaning those with excessive secured or unsecured debt may not qualify.
• Avoids liquidation of assets while ensuring creditors receive a portion of the owed amount.

Chapter 7 Bankruptcy

Chapter 7 bankruptcy, or liquidation bankruptcy, allows individuals or businesses to discharge most …

1. Scope and Purpose

Each of these legal fields serves a distinct purpose, addressing injury compensation, corporate governance, national security, controlled substances, and personal injury claims.

Brain Injury Law

Brain injury law falls under personal injury and medical malpractice law, focusing on cases where a traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs due to negligence, accidents, or medical errors.

• Covers liability for TBIs caused by accidents, medical malpractice, workplace injuries, and defective products.
• Addresses long-term care compensation, rehabilitation, and lost wages for brain injury victims.
• Determines legal responsibility for sports-related brain injuries, including concussion lawsuits.
• Focuses on medical negligence claims for delayed diagnosis or improper treatment of brain injuries.

Business Law

Business law governs commercial transactions, corporate structures, and regulatory compliance for companies operating in various industries.

• Covers business entity formation (LLCs, corporations, partnerships).
• Regulates contracts, mergers, acquisitions, and shareholder rights.
• Oversees intellectual property protection, trade regulations, and competition laws.
• Includes employment laws governing workplace disputes, wages, and labor rights.

Military Law

Military law governs the conduct, discipline, and legal obligations of military personnel and enforces laws specific to armed forces members.

• Administers courts-martial and military

1. Scope and Purpose

Each of these legal fields serves a distinct function, addressing issues related to transportation, national security, finance, personal debt relief, and medical negligence.

Aviation Law

Aviation law governs all aspects of air travel, aircraft operation, and aviation safety at both the national and international levels. It includes regulations on pilot licensing, airport security, air traffic control, and accident investigations.

• Regulates airline safety and passenger rights (e.g., FAA regulations)
• Covers liability for aviation accidents, including manufacturer defects and pilot errors
• Governs international air travel agreements (e.g., Warsaw Convention, Chicago Convention)
• Includes laws on drones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)

Military Law

Military law governs the discipline, conduct, and legal obligations of armed forces personnel. It ensures compliance with military codes, national security laws, and international treaties.

• Administers courts-martial and disciplinary actions
• Regulates rules of engagement in combat
• Covers military benefits, enlistment, and discharge procedures
• Includes international humanitarian laws (e.g., Geneva Conventions)

Banking Law

Banking law regulates financial institutions, monetary policies, and consumer financial protections to maintain economic stability and prevent fraud.

• Oversees bank operations, including lending, investments, and risk management
• Regulates compliance with anti-money

1. Scope and Purpose

Each of these legal fields serves a distinct function, addressing economic, judicial, and international concerns.

Antitrust & Trade Law

Antitrust and trade law regulate competition and market fairness by preventing monopolies, anti-competitive behavior, and unfair trade practices. These laws promote consumer protection and economic efficiency.

• Prevents monopolistic practices (e.g., price-fixing, market allocation)
• Regulates mergers and acquisitions to avoid market dominance
• Enforces fair trade practices (e.g., anti-dumping regulations, international trade agreements)
• Protects consumers from deceptive business conduct

Appeals

Appeals law allows for the review of lower court decisions to determine if legal errors occurred. It ensures that court rulings align with established law and procedural fairness.

• Corrects errors in trial court decisions
• Focuses on legal interpretation rather than new evidence
• Handled by appellate courts, which review rulings from lower courts
• Can involve civil, criminal, administrative, and constitutional matters

Arbitration

Arbitration is an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) method in which disputes are settled outside of court by a neutral third party. It is commonly used in commercial, employment, and international disputes.

• Faster and less expensive than litigation
• Binding or non-binding decisions, depending on the agreement
• Common